17th c. CE — Sirhind, Punjab

Mujaddidiyya

The Naqshbandī renewal of the second millennium

Overview

A Naqshbandī reform branch founded by Imām Rabbānī Aḥmad Sirhindī, the Mujaddidiyya reasserted classical Sunnī orthodoxy in Mughal India while refining Naqshbandī contemplative doctrine into the science of the laṭāʾif.

Core teachings

◆The subtle centres (laṭāʾif) of the heart
◆Waḥdat al-shuhūd (unity of witnessing)
◆Renewal of the Prophetic Sunna

Practices

◆Silent dhikr through the laṭāʾif
◆Muraqaba
◆Suhba

Key texts

Maktūbāt-i Imām Rabbānī
Aḥmad Sirhindī

Living legacy

Foundational for Naqshbandī expansion into the Ottoman Mediterranean and Kurdistan.

Scholarly note

The Maktūbāt remain a central reference of later Naqshbandī spirituality.